Explaining continuation protocol
A continuation protocol is the submission or study plan that lets approved human research, and its participants, carry on past an expiring approval or trial.
Decoded
Reference articles that each go deep on a single ad tech term. Every entry in the Explaining series opens with a plain-language definition, then covers the mechanics, origins, key dates, limitations, and commonly confused adjacent terms - grounded in PPC Land coverage, platform documentation, and industry standards from bodies like the IAB.
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Explaining Smart Bidding
Smart Bidding is Google Ads' set of automated bid strategies that use machine learning to price each auction for conversions or value. How it works and why.
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Explaining Customer Match
Customer Match is Google's feature for uploading hashed first-party customer lists, such as emails and phone numbers, to target or exclude known users in ads.
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Explaining automated decision-making
Automated decision-making is a decision about a person taken by technical means without meaningful human involvement, restricted in the EU by GDPR Article 22.
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Explaining inference cost
Inference cost is the compute and money spent each time a trained AI model answers a request. How it is priced per token, who pays it, and why ads now fund it.
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Explaining native advertising
Native advertising is paid media that matches the form and function of the content around it, from in-feed units to branded articles, sold direct or via OpenRTB.
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Explaining plagiarism detection
Plagiarism detection is software that compares text with indexed sources to flag copied or paraphrased passages, as used by Turnitin, Copyscape and Google.
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Explaining target frequency
Target frequency is a buying setting that aims ad delivery at an average number of exposures per person per week or month, used in YouTube and Meta campaigns.
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Explaining consumer privacy ombudsman
A consumer privacy ombudsman is a neutral expert appointed under US bankruptcy law to advise a court before a debtor sells customer data its policy shields.
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Explaining automatic stay
An automatic stay is the legal freeze on lawsuits, debt collection and asset seizures against a debtor that starts the moment a US bankruptcy case is filed.
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Explaining reservation of rights
A reservation of rights is a statement that an act, payment or filing waives no legal right or claim, used in contracts, insurance, court cases and AI opt-outs.
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Explaining civil investigative demand
A civil investigative demand is a pre-suit order from a US agency or state attorney general compelling documents, written answers or testimony in a civil probe.
